Changes in spatio-temporal patterns of urban forest and its above-ground carbon storage: Implication for urban CO2 emissions mitigation under China's rapid urban expansion and greening
Background: Understanding spatio-temporal dynamics of UF and its above-ground carbon storage (CS) is important for mitigating urban CO2 emissions under China's rapid urban expansion and greening. Methods: In our study, vegetation index (VI) data obtained from TM image and CS derived from field-based surveys were amalgamated to develop a regression model to predict spatio-temporal patterns of CS. VI correction model was established by normalizing previous imagery (1984, 1995, and 2005) to 2014 image data. Results: NDVI is better than other VIs for predicting urban forest CS. Both UF area and its CS increased gradually from 1984 to 2014, especially in outer rings of the city. CS showed a definite decreasing trend from outer rings to downtown. Due to urban greening policies, landscape patches of UF or CS recently became larger and more aggregated. The CS by UF class distribution was skewed toward low values in all the years, but the skew gradually decreased over time. It was estimated that the average annual increase of CS by UF could offset 3.9% of the average annual increase in urban carbon emissions. Conclusions: Our study proposes that spatio-temporal changes in UF patterns dramatically affected the amount of CS and carbon capture. The increase in UF coverage and quality would mitigate more urban carbon emissions, especially in outer rings.
机构:
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Hong, Wenhai
Ren, Zhibin
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Ren, Zhibin
Guo, Yujie
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Guo, Yujie
Wang, Chengcong
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Wang, Chengcong
Cao, Feng
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College of Landscape and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding,071000, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Cao, Feng
Zhang, Peng
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Zhang, Peng
Hong, Shengyang
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机构:
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Jilin Normal University, Siping,134000, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
Hong, Shengyang
Ma, Zijun
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,130102, China
机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Hong, Wenhai
Ren, Zhibin
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Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Ren, Zhibin
Guo, Yujie
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Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Guo, Yujie
Wang, Chengcong
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Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Wang, Chengcong
Cao, Feng
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机构:
Hebei Agr Univ, Coll Landscape & Tourism, Baoding 071000, Hebei, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Cao, Feng
Zhang, Peng
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Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Zhang, Peng
Hong, Shengyang
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Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Jilin Normal Univ, Siping 134000, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Hong, Shengyang
Ma, Zijun
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Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China
机构:
Univ New South Wales, Sch Built Environm, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaUniv New South Wales, Sch Built Environm, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Zhang, Yunzheng
Luo, Fubin
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机构:
Urban Planning & Design Survey Res Inst Guangzhou, 10 Jianshe Rd, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaUniv New South Wales, Sch Built Environm, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
机构:
Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Dept Civil Engn, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaUniv Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Dept Civil Engn, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Yaacob, Nur Fatma Fadilah
Yazid, Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat
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Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Sustainable Urban Transport Res Ctr, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaUniv Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Dept Civil Engn, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Yazid, Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat
Maulud, Khairul Nizam Abdul
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Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Sustainable Urban Transport Res Ctr, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaUniv Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Dept Civil Engn, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Maulud, Khairul Nizam Abdul
Khahro, Shabir Hussain
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Prince Sultan Univ, Coll Engn, Riyadh 11586, Saudi ArabiaUniv Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Dept Civil Engn, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Khahro, Shabir Hussain
Javed, Yasir
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Prince Sultan Univ, Coll Comp & Informat Sci, Riyadh 11586, Saudi ArabiaUniv Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Engn & Built Environm, Dept Civil Engn, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
机构:
East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Zhao, Jincai
Ji, Guangxing
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Ji, Guangxing
Yue, YanLin
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Yue, YanLin
Lai, Zhizhu
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Lai, Zhizhu
Chen, Yulong
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Chen, Yulong
Yang, Dongyang
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Yang, Dongyang
Yang, Xu
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Yang, Xu
Wang, Zheng
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East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Sci & Dev, Beijing 100190, Peoples R ChinaEast China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China