Review of dynamic line rating systems for wind power integration

When a wind power system is connected to a network point there is a limit of power generation based on the characteristics of the network and the loads connected to it. Traditionally, transmission line limits are estimated conservatively assuming unfavourable weather conditions (high ambient temperature, full sun and low wind speed). However, the transmission capacity of an overhead line increases when wind speed is high,due to the cooling caused by wind in the distribution lines. Dynamic line rating (DLR) systems allow monitoring real weather conditions and calculating the real capacity of lines. Thus, when planning wind power integration, if dynamic line limits are considered instead of the conservative and static limits, estimated capacity increases. This article reviews all technologies developed for real-time monitoring, during the last 30 years, as well as some case studies around the world, and brings out the benefits and technical limitations of employing dynamic line rating on overhead lines. Further, the use of these DLR systems in wind integration is reviewed. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.