Restoration priorities to achieve the global protected area target

被引:49
作者
Mappin, Bonnie [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Chauvenet, Alienor L. M. [1 ,2 ]
Adams, Vanessa M. [1 ,2 ,4 ]
Di Marco, Moreno [3 ,5 ,6 ]
Beyer, Hawthorne L. [1 ,2 ]
Venter, Oscar [7 ]
Halpern, Benjamin S. [8 ,9 ]
Possingham, Hugh P. [1 ,2 ,10 ]
Watson, James E. M. [1 ,3 ,11 ]
机构
[1] Univ Queensland, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
[2] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
[3] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Environm Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
[4] Univ Tasmania, Sch Technol Environm & Design, Hobart, Tas, Australia
[5] CSIRO Land & Water, EcoSci Precinct, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia
[6] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Biol & Biotechnol Charles Darwin, Rome, Italy
[7] Univ Northern British Columbia, Nat Resource & Environm Studies Inst, Prince George, BC, Canada
[8] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[9] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[10] Nature Conservancy, South Brisbane, Qld, Australia
[11] Global Conservat, Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA
来源
CONSERVATION LETTERS | 2019年 / 12卷 / 04期
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词
Aichi Target 11; conservation planning; ecoregions; ecosystem restoration; habitat conservation; human footprint; land conversion; representation; BIODIVERSITY; BENEFITS;
D O I
10.1111/conl.12646
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
With much of Earth's surface already heavily impacted by humans, there is a need to understand where restoration is required to achieve global conservation goals. Here, we show that at least 1.9 million km(2) of land, spanning 190 (27%) terrestrial ecoregions and 114 countries, needs restoration to achieve the current 17% global protected area target (Aichi Target 11). Restoration targeted on lightly modified land could recover up to two-thirds of the shortfall, which would have an opportunity cost impact on agriculture of at least $205 million per annum (average of $159/km(2)). However, 64 (9%) ecoregions, located predominately in Southeast Asia, will require the challenging task of restoring areas that are already heavily modified. These results highlight the need for global conservation strategies to recognize the current level of anthropogenic degradation across many ecoregions and balance bigger protected area targets with more specific restoration goals.
引用
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页数:9
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