The relationship between Adipocytokines & Ghrelin and Obesity associated with Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Jordanians

Background: Type II DM and obesity are both chronic diseases of high morbidity and mortality rates. Impaired glucose regulation is contributed to DM. Obesity is under effect of appetite regulating peptides including leptin and adiponectin, ghrelin and NPY. Aim: This case control study aimed to evaluate the association between leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and NPY in a sample of Jordanian patients with obesity associated with type II DM, and to figure out their possible roles in obesity pathogenesis. Subjects and Materials: 188 subjects (90 diabetic patients and 98 normal healthy subjects as a control group) participated in the study, BMI was determined for all subjects. Blood glucose, triacylglycerols and cholesterol were assayed chemically. ELISA was used to estimate insulin, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and NPY. Results: Insulin level in NODs was significantly lower than NONDs, while, the difference was insignificant between ONDs and ODs. There was significant increase in leptin levels ODs versus NONDs. The levels of adiponectin showed significant decrease in ODs compared to ONDs and NODs. Ghrelin was increased significantly in ONDs and ODs versus NONDs and NODs. NPY was higher significantly in ONDs than NONDs as well as ODs than NODs. Conclusion: BMI is significantly correlated to leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and NPY in the ODs; also, the significant correlations between leptin-adiponectin, leptin-ghrelin, leptin-NPY, adiponectin-ghrelin, adiponectin-NPY and ghrelin-NPY in ODs may help to explore the role of these hormones in the pathogenesis of obesity related complications as type II diabetes mellitus.