Pharmacological and functional characterization of bradykinin receptors in rat cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

The pharmacological properties of bradykinin receptors were characterized in rat cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) using [H-3]-bradykinin as a ligand. Analysis of binding isotherms gave an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant (K-D) of 1.2 +/- 0.2 nM and a maximum receptor density (B-max) of 47.3 +/-: 4.4 fmol/mg protein. The specific binding of [H-3]-bradykinin to VSMCs was inhibited by the B-2 receptor-selective agonists (bradykinin and kallidin) and antagonists ([D-Arg(0), Hyp(3), Thi(5), D-Tic(7), Oic(8)]-bradykinin (Hoe 140) and [D-Arg(0), Hyp(3), Thi(5,8), D-Phe(7)]-bradykinin) with an order of potency as kallidin = bradykinin = Hoe 140 >, [D-Arg(0), Hyp(3), Thi(5,8), D-Phe(7)]-bradykinin, but not by a Bi receptor-selective agonist (des-Arg(9)-bradykinin) and antagonist ([Leu(8), des-Arg(9)]-bradykinin). Stimulation of VSMCs by bradykinin produced a concentration-dependent inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation, and initial transient peak of [Ca2+](i) with half-maximal responses (pECj(50)) were 7.53 and 7.69, respectively. B-2 receptor-selective antagonists (Hoe 140 and [D-Arg(0), Hyp(3), Thi(5,8) D-Phe(7)]-bradykinin) significantly antagonized the bradykinin-induced responses with pK(B) values of 8.3-8.7 and 7.2-7.9, respectively. Pretreatment of VSMCs with pertussis toxin (100 ng/ml, 24 h) did not. alter the bradykinin-induced inositol phosphate accumulation and [Ca2+](i) changes in VSMCs. Removal of external Ca2+ led to a significant attenuation of responses induced by bradykinin. Influx of external Ca2+ was required for the bradykinin-induced responses, since Ca2+-channel blockers, nifedipine, verapamil, and Ni2+, partially inhibited the bradykinin-induced IP accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization. These results demonstrate that bradykinin stimulates phosphoinositide hydrolysis and Ca2+ mobilization via a pertussis toxin-insensitive G-protein in rat VSMCs. Bradykinin B-2 receptors may be predominantly mediating IP accumulation and subsequently induction of Ca2+ mobilization may function as the transducing mechanism for bradykinin-stimulated contraction of vascular smooth muscle.