Molecular characterization and environmental impacts of water-soluble organic compounds of bio-oil from the thermochemical treatment of domestic sewage sludge

Water-soluble organic compounds derived from bio-oil (WOCB) are regarded as potential risk sources of sludge thermochemical treatment. This study showed that 10.35 mg of water-soluble organic carbon and 1.32 mg of water-soluble organic nitrogen were released per gram of sludge when the final temperature of thermochemical treatment was 600 degrees C. WOCB was mainly formed at 300-500 degrees C. Furthermore, FT-ICR MS results indicated that high temperatures promoted deamination reactions, and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds with low oxygen number polymerized into aromatic compounds with increasing temperature. Noteworthily, WOCB released at 20-600 degrees C showed strong phytotoxicity to wheat. LMW compounds with lignin/carboxylic rich Acyclic molecules (CRAM)-like structures derived from low temperatures (200-400 degrees C) induced this inhibitory effect, but lipids containing nitrogen and sulfur from high temperatures (400-600 degrees C) can act as nutrients to promote wheat growth. This study provides theoretical support for the risk control and benefits assessments of sludge thermochemical treatment. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.