Comparative evaluation of osseointegration between sandblasted large grit, acid etched (SLA) and calcium phosphate coated implants. A randomized controlled clinical trial

Aim The surface of a dental implant is the part that is in contact with the bio-environment and the uniqueness of the surface directs the response and affects the mechanical strength of the implant-tissue interface. Additionally, the surface coating promotes bone apposition. This may include mechanical treatments (machining and grit blasting for instance), chemical treatments (acid etching for example), electrochemical treatments (anodic oxidation), vacuum treatments, thermal treatments, and laser treatments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the osseointegration achieved by measuring the implant stability quotient and bone density around sandblasted large grit, acid-etched (SLA) versus calcium phosphate (CaP) coated implants. Materials and methods 20 patients were selected, test group A had SLA implants and test group B had calcium phosphate coated implants. After 4 months, prosthesis was delivered, and the patients were followed up to 9 months. Various clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded. Result 9 months after surgery, high bone density was seen around the calcium phosphate coated implants. Conclusion The bone density in test group B i.e. CaP coated implants, had notably increased, and the increase was statistically significant when compared with test group A.