Machiavellian intelligence as a basis for the evolution of cooperative dispositions

被引:31
作者
Orbell, J
Morikawa, T
Hartwig, J
Hanley, J
Allen, N
机构
[1] Univ Oregon, Dept Polit Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
[2] Waseda Univ, Int Coll, Tokyo, Japan
[3] Univ Oregon, Polit Sci Dept, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
[4] Univ Illinois, Polit Studies Program, Springfield, IL 62703 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1017/S0003055404000966
中图分类号
D0 [政治学、政治理论];
学科分类号
0302 ; 030201 ;
摘要
How to promote cooperative behavior is classically solved by incentives that lead self-interested individuals in socially desirable directions, but by now well-established laboratory results show that people often do act cooperatively, even at significant cost to themselves. These results suggest that cooperative dispositions might be an evolved part of human nature. Yet such dispositions appear inconsistent with the "Machiavellian intelligence" paradigm, which develops the idea that our brains have evolved, in substantial part, for capturing adaptive advantage from within-group competition. We use simulation to address the evolutionary relationship between basic Machiavellian capacities and cooperative dispositions. Results show that selection on such capacities can (1) permit the spread of cooperative dispositions even in cooperation-unfriendly worlds and (2) support transitions to populations with high mean cooperative dispositions. We distinguish between "rationality in action" and "rationality in design''-the adaptive fit between a design attribute of an animal and its environment. The combination of well-developed Machiavellian intelligence, modest mistrust, and high cooperative dispositions appears to be a rational design for the brains of highly political animals such as ourselves.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 15
页数:15
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