Preparation, Characterization and Properties of Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Rigid Amido Spacer Groups

A series of novel cationic gemini surfactants with rigid amido groups inserted as the spacers, named C (12) -PPDA-C (12) , C (14) -PPDA-C (14) and C (16) -PPDA-C (16) , were synthesized by a two-step reaction with dimethyl terephthalate, N,N-dimethyl propylene diamine and alkyl bromide as raw materials. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by IR, H-1 and C-13 NMR and element analysis. Surface activity properties of the synthesized compounds were investigated by surface tension, electrical conductivity and fluorescence. Increasing the number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic alkyl chain, decreased the critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at the CMC and the minimum surface area. Other relevant properties including foaming ability and emulsion stability were investigated. The results indicated that the synthesized gemini surfactants possess good surface properties, emulsifying properties and steady foam properties.