Meta-analysis of the effects of flaxseed interventions on blood lipids

被引:166
作者
Pan, An [1 ,2 ]
Yu, Danxia [1 ,2 ]
Demark-Wahnefried, Wendy [3 ]
Franco, Oscar H. [4 ,5 ]
Lin, Xu [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Nutr Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Key Lab Nutr & Metab, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Div Canc Prevent & Populat Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[4] Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Hlth Sci Res Inst, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England
[5] Unilever R&D, Sharnbrook, Beds, England
关键词
ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; N-3; FATTY-ACIDS; SERUM-LIPIDS; FISH-OIL; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; LDL-CHOLESTEROL; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL; FUNCTIONAL FOODS;
D O I
10.3945/ajcn.2009.27469
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background: Several clinical trials have investigated the effects of flaxseed and flaxseed-derived products (flaxseed oil or lignans) on blood lipids; however, the findings have been inconsistent. Objective: We aimed to identify and quantify the effectiveness of flaxseed and its derivatives on blood lipid profiles. Design: A comprehensive literature search was performed on the basis of English reports of randomized controlled trials of flaxseed or its derivatives on lipid profiles in adults, which were published from January 1990 to October 2008. Attempts also were made to access unpublished data. Study quality was assessed by using the Jadad score, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included. Flaxseed interventions reduced total and LDL cholesterol by 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.20, 0.00 mmol/L) and 0.08 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.16, 0.00 mmol/L), respectively; significant reductions were observed with whole flaxseed (-0.21 and -0.16 mmol/L, respectively) and lignan (-0.28 and -0.16 mmol/L, respectively) supplements but not with flaxseed oil. The cholesterol-lowering effects were more apparent in females (particularly postmenopausal women), individuals with high initial cholesterol concentrations, and studies with higher Jadad scores. No significant changes were found in the concentrations of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Conclusions: Flaxseed significantly reduced circulating total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, but the changes were dependent on the type of intervention, sex, and initial lipid profiles of the subjects. Further studies are needed to determine the efficiency of flaxseed on lipid profiles in men and premenopausal women and to explore its potential benefits on other cardiometabolic risk factors and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;90:288-97.
引用
收藏
页码:288 / 297
页数:10
相关论文
共 55 条
[21]   Flaxseed oil supplementation does not affect plasma lipoprotein concentration or particle size in human subjects [J].
Harper, Charles R. ;
Edwards, Megan C. ;
Jacobson, Terry A. .
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 2006, 136 (11) :2844-2848
[22]   n-3 Fatty acids and serum lipoproteins: Human studies [J].
Harris, WS .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 1997, 65 (05) :1645-1654
[23]  
Higgins J., 2008, COCHRANE COLLABORATI, DOI DOI 10.1002/
[24]   Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women [J].
Hu, FB ;
Stampfer, MJ ;
Manson, JE ;
Rimm, E ;
Colditz, GA ;
Rosner, BA ;
Hennekens, CH ;
Willett, WC .
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1997, 337 (21) :1491-1499
[25]   Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary? [J].
Jadad, AR ;
Moore, RA ;
Carroll, D ;
Jenkinson, C ;
Reynolds, DJM ;
Gavaghan, DJ ;
McQuay, HJ .
CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS, 1996, 17 (01) :1-12
[26]  
Jenkins DJA, 1999, AM J CLIN NUTR, V69, P395
[27]   A comparison of fish oil, flaxseed oil and hempseed oil supplementation on selected parameters of cardiovascular health in healthy volunteers [J].
Kaul, Nalini ;
Kreml, Renee ;
Austria, J. Alejandro ;
Richard, Melanie N. ;
Edel, Andrea L. ;
Dibrov, Elena ;
Hirono, Satoru ;
Zettler, Marjorie E. ;
Pierce, Grant N. .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION, 2008, 27 (01) :51-58
[28]   DIETARY ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID ALTERS TISSUE FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION, BUT NOT BLOOD-LIPIDS, LIPOPROTEINS OR COAGULATION STATUS IN HUMANS [J].
KELLEY, DS ;
NELSON, GJ ;
LOVE, JE ;
BRANCH, LB ;
TAYLOR, PC ;
SCHMIDT, PC ;
MACKEY, BE ;
IACONO, JM .
LIPIDS, 1993, 28 (06) :533-537
[29]   N-3 FATTY-ACIDS OF MARINE ORIGIN LOWER SYSTOLIC BLOOD-PRESSURE AND TRIGLYCERIDES BUT RAISE LDL CHOLESTEROL COMPARED WITH N-3 AND N-6 FATTY-ACIDS FROM PLANTS [J].
KESTIN, M ;
CLIFTON, P ;
BELLING, GB ;
NESTEL, PJ .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 1990, 51 (06) :1028-1034
[30]  
Li D, 1999, AM J CLIN NUTR, V69, P872