Volatile profile and sensory property of Gardenia jasminoides aroma extracts

The volatile profiles of aroma extracts prepared from the flower of Gardenia jasminoides by different methods were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The enfleurage extraction using spermaceti wax and palm oil afforded the best aroma extract with a preference that was significantly (p < 0.05) better than those from solvent extractions, as sensorially evaluated in 43 volunteers. The odor quality of the absolute de enfleurage was similar to the floral scent of fresh gardenia, as confirmed in 152 volunteers. Although female volunteers were insignificantly (p > 0.05) better sensed than male volunteers, age was significant (p < 0.05). The nuance gardenia floral scent was contributed by farnesene, Z-3-hexenyl tiglate, Z-3-hexenyl benzoate, and indole. The relaxing and refreshing sensations of the gardenia odor suggest its applications in body care, cleansing products, and perfume. This study addresses the increasing interest in floral fragrances. The aroma profile and sensory property of this sweet and elegant scent flower will strengthen and expand the applications of gardenia from traditional medicine to those of perfumery and the field of phytochemistry.