Comparing LOPES measurements of air-shower radio emission with REAS 3.11 and CoREAS simulations

被引：16

作者：

Apel, W. D. ^{[1
]}

Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C. ^{[2
]}

Baehren, L. ^{[3
]}

Bekk, K. ^{[1
]}

Bertaina, M.

Biermann, P. L. ^{[4
]}

Bluemer, J. ^{[1
,5
]}

Bozdog, H. ^{[1
]}

Brancus, I. M. ^{[6
]}

Cantoni, E. ^{[7
]}

Chiavassa, A.

Daumiller, K. ^{[1
]}

de Souza, V. ^{[8
]}

Di Pierro, F.

Doll, P. ^{[1
]}

Engel, R. ^{[1
]}

Falcke, H. ^{[3
,4
,9
]}

Fuchs, B. ^{[5
]}

Fuhrmann, D. ^{[10
]}

Gemmeke, H. ^{[11
]}

Grupen, C. ^{[12
]}

Haungs, A. ^{[1
]}

Heck, D. ^{[1
]}

Hoerandel, J. R. ^{[3
]}

Horneffer, A. ^{[4
]}

Huber, D. ^{[5
]}

Huege, T. ^{[1
]}

Isar, P. G. ^{[13
]}

Kampert, K. -H. ^{[10
]}

Kang, D. ^{[5
]}

Kroemer, O. ^{[11
]}

Kuijpers, J. ^{[3
]}

Link, K. ^{[10
]}

Luczak, P. ^{[14
]}

Ludwig, M. ^{[5
]}

Mathes, H. J. ^{[1
]}

Melissas, M. ^{[5
]}

Morello, C. ^{[7
]}

Oehlschlaeger, J. ^{[1
]}

Palmieri, N. ^{[5
]}

Pierog, T. ^{[1
]}

Rautenberg, J. ^{[10
]}

Rebel, H. ^{[1
]}

Roth, M. ^{[1
]}

Ruehle, C. ^{[11
]}

Saftoiu, A. ^{[6
]}

Schieler, H. ^{[1
]}

Schmidt, A. ^{[11
]}

Schroeder, F. G. ^{[1
]}

Sima, O. ^{[15
]}

机构：

[1] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

[2] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico

[3] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands

[4] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

[5] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

[6] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania

[7] INAF Torino, Inst Fis Spazio Interplanetario, Turin, Italy

[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[9] ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands

[10] Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany

[11] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Prozessdatenverarbeitung Elekt, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

[12] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany

[13] Inst Space Sci, Bucharest, Romania

[14] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Dept Cosm Ray Phys, Lodz, Poland

[15] Univ Bucharest, Dept Phys, Bucharest, Romania

来源：

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS | 2013年 / 50-52卷

关键词：

Cosmic rays; Extensive air showers; Radio emission; LOPES; Lateral distribution; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; ANTENNA-ARRAY; RADIATION; CALIBRATION; SPECTRUM; PULSES;

D O I：

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.09.003

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Cosmic ray air showers emit radio pulses at MHz frequencies, which can be measured with radio antenna arrays - like LOPES at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany. To improve the understanding of the radio emission, we test theoretical descriptions with measured data. The observables used for these tests are the absolute amplitude of the radio signal, and the shape of the radio lateral distribution. We compare lateral distributions of more than 500 LOPES events with two recent and public Monte Carlo simulation codes, REAS 3.11 and CoREAS (v 1.0). The absolute radio amplitudes predicted by REAS 3.11 are in good agreement with the LOPES measurements. The amplitudes predicted by CoREAS are lower by a factor of two, and marginally compatible with the LOPES measurements within the systematic scale uncertainties. In contrast to any previous versions of REAS, REAS 3.11 and CoREAS now reproduce the shape of the measured lateral distributions correctly. This reflects a remarkable progress compared to the situation a few years ago, and it seems that the main processes for the radio emission of air showers are now understood: The emission is mainly due to the geomagnetic deflection of the electrons and positrons in the shower. Less important but not negligible is the Askaryan effect (net charge variation). Moreover, we confirm that the refractive index of the air plays an important role, since it changes the coherence conditions for the emission: Only the new simulations including the refractive index can reproduce rising lateral distributions which we observe in a few LOPES events. Finally, we show that the lateral distribution is sensitive to the energy and the mass of the primary cosmic ray particles. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：76 / 91

页数：16

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