Routing protocols based on node mobility for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN): A survey

Recently, the Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is the major research area for researchers due to its versatile applications like: tactical surveillance, seismic monitoring, assisted navigations, pollution monitoring, and many more scientific based applications. Majority numbers of researchers have introduced the routing protocols based on node mobility but still research needs improvement to design the efficient routing protocols which control the node movement. This article focuses the routing protocols based on node mobility with its classification like: vector based, depth based, clustered based, AUV based, and path based. In classification the major focus is on deployment, node mobility, data forwarding, route discovery, and route maintenance. The article also focuses the existing problems in the mobility based routing protocols. We have introduced two analysis methods one is analytical method and other is numerical simulation method. In analytical method we have compared the proposed routing protocols through architectural parameters and performance characteristics parameters. In numerical simulation analysis we presents the simulation of proposed routing protocols through packets delivery ratio and observed that addressing depth based H2-DAB routing protocol remains well performer among all other proposed routing protocols. The core ideas of this research paper will guide the researchers to further research in the field of UWSN routing protocols based on node mobility.