Investigating the effects of abrasive water jet machining parameters on surface integrity, chemical state in machining of Ti-6Al-4V

This study examined into the surface roughness and microhardness of titanium (Ti6Al4V) alloy caused by the abrasive waterjet milling (AWJM) process. Waterjet pressure (WJP), stand-off distance (SOD), and abrasive flow rate (AFR) were studied on surface roughness and microhardness in three distinct regions: the initial damage region (IDR), the smooth cutting region (SCR) and the rough cutting region (RCR). X-Ray Diffraction was used to examine the lattice strain, crystallite size, and phase composition of abrasive waterjet machined samples. WJP is discovered to be a useful factor in reducing surface roughness, increasing striations, and decreasing waviness on the AWJM's surface. The higher hardness is caused by the material's permanent plastic deformation during the AWJM process. The FWHM of AWJ machined samples is reduced, and the presence of TiOxCx increases the crystallite size during the AWJM process. In relation to surface deformation, the AWJM causes severe plastic deformation (SPD), resulting in continuous internal oxide formation.