Conservative management of pediatric mandibular distal fractures-A retrospective study

Background/Aim Pediatric mandibular distal fractures present unique treatment challenges which are usually managed with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with the risk of developing tooth bud injuries. Conservative management through maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) with orthodontic bracket-elastic as an out-patient department (OPD) service has been used for these fractures presenting with derangement of occlusion. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze MMF with orthodontic bracket-elastic as a treatment method and its outcome for management of pediatric mandibular distal fractures. Methodology Data of seventeen pediatric cases diagnosed with displaced mandibular distal fractures managed with MMF with orthodontic bracket-elastic over a period of 5 years were analyzed. In this technique, two weeks of immobilization and one week for guiding elastics were used. Results The mean age of patients was 7.6 +/- 1.6 years with a mean follow-up of 24 months. All fractures healed uneventfully with satisfactory occlusion. The cases included 23.5% minimally displaced, and 64.7% moderately displaced and 11.8% significantly displaced fractures with step deformity with successful remodeling of the lower border contours over a duration of 18 months +/- 1 month. The developing tooth buds in the fracture line showed no complications except for root dilacerations/malformation (n = 3). Conclusion MMF with orthodontic bracket-elastic is a viable and conservative technique for the management of pediatric mandibular distal fractures which need to be verified through randomized trials for generalization of the results.