Improving lithium-sulphur batteries through spatial control of sulphur species deposition on a hybrid electrode surface

被引:399
作者
Yao, Hongbin [1 ]
Zheng, Guangyuan [2 ]
Hsu, Po-Chun [1 ]
Kong, Desheng [1 ]
Cha, Judy J. [1 ]
Li, Weiyang [1 ]
Seh, Zhi Wei [1 ]
McDowell, Matthew T. [1 ]
Yan, Kai [1 ]
Liang, Zheng [1 ]
Narasimhan, Vijay Kris [1 ]
Cui, Yi [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[3] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA
关键词
LI-S BATTERIES; CAPACITY FADING MECHANISMS; CARBON NANOFIBERS; RATE CAPABILITY; CATHODE; PERFORMANCE; COMPOSITES;
D O I
10.1038/ncomms4943
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Lithium-sulphur batteries are attractive owing to their high theoretical energy density and reasonable kinetics. Despite the success of trapping soluble polysulphides in a matrix with high surface area, spatial control of solid-state sulphur and lithium sulphide species deposition as a critical aspect has not been demonstrated. Herein, we show a clear visual evidence that these solid species deposit preferentially onto tin-doped indium oxide instead of carbon during electrochemical charge/discharge of soluble polysuphides. To incorporate this concept of spatial control into more practical battery electrodes, we further prepare carbon nanofibers with tin-doped indium oxide nanoparticles decorating the surface as hybrid three-dimensional electrodes to maximize the number of deposition sites. With 12.5 mu l of 5 M Li2S8 as the catholyte and a rate of C/5, we can reach the theoretical limit of Li2S8 capacity similar to 1,470 mAhg(-1) (sulphur weight) under the loading of hybrid electrode only at 4.3 mg cm(-2).
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页数:9
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