DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE CONTROL METHODS AND INVESTIGATING PROBLEMATIC WEEDS IN SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) PRODUCTION AREAS IN MUGLA, TURKEY

This study examined which weeds create problems in sesame production, the frequency with which they emerge and the quantities in which they exist. The field trial investigated the control effects of two doses of olive mill wastewater (2500-5000 L ha(-1)), hand hoe use and herbicide application (imazamox, linuron, oxadiazon, chloridazon, prosulfocarb + metribuzin, bentazon + MCPA, pendimethalin and metolachlor + benoxacor). The results of surveying revealed the most prevalent species of weed in the sesame fields: Portulaca oleracea L. (51.1%) and Echinochloa colonum L. (48.9%), Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Rafin. (31.1%), Heliotropium europaeum L. (26.7%), Convolvulus arvensis L. (22.2%), Cyperus rotundus L. (22.2%). The olive mill wastewater had effects on the fresh and dry weights of the weeds approximating 100%. The reducing effects on these fresh and dry weights were caused by hand hoeing (98.67-95.38%), imazamox (62.80-65.17%), linuron (52.79-63.10%), oxadiazon (51.84-60.86%), prosulfocarb + metribuzin (49.11-35.51%), chloridazon (42.42-41.37%), bentazon + MCPA (32.81-36.40%), pendimethalin (30.91-35.98%), metolachlor + benoxacor (29.53-23.44%). The 2500-5000 L ha(-1) doses of olive mill wastewater and linuron applications led to phytotoxicity in the germination of sesame plants, and no yield could be achieved. The highest yield was achieved by applying imazamox (783.9 kg ha( -1)). This was followed by hand hoeing (747.9 kg ha(-1)), bentazon + MCPA (618.6 kg ha(-1)) and others.