Infectious diarrhoea in antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV/AIDS patients in Kenya

被引:16
作者
Wanyiri, Jane W. [1 ]
Kanyi, Henry [2 ]
Maina, Samuel [2 ]
Wang, David E. [1 ]
Ngugi, Paul [3 ]
O'Connor, Roberta [1 ]
Kamau, Timothy [4 ]
Waithera, Tabitha [2 ]
Kimani, Gachuhi [4 ]
Wamae, Claire N. [2 ]
Mwamburi, Mkaya [5 ]
Ward, Honorine D. [1 ]
机构
[1] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02111 USA
[2] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya
[3] Kenyatta Natl Hosp, Nairobi, Kenya
[4] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Biotechnol Res & Dev, Nairobi, Kenya
[5] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA
关键词
HIV/AIDS; Diarrhoea; Enteric pathogens; Isospora; Cryptosporidium; Shigella; RISK-FACTORS; HIV; NAIROBI; ADULTS; AIDS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; INDIVIDUALS; COINFECTION; PARASITES; ETIOLOGY;
D O I
10.1093/trstmh/trt078
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: Diarrhoea is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The objectives of this study were to investigate the aetiological agents, risk factors and clinical features associated with diarrhoea in HIV/AIDS patients in Kenya. Methods: Sociodemographic, epidemiological and clinical data were obtained for 164 HIV/AIDS patients (70 with and 94 without diarrhoea) recruited from Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. Stool samples were examined for enteric pathogens by microscopy and bacteriology. Results: Intestinal protozoa and fungi were identified in 70% of patients, more frequently in those with diarrhoea (p<0.001). Helminths were detected in 25.6% of patients overall, and bacterial pathogens were identified in 51% of patients with diarrhoea. Polyparasitism was more common in patients with diarrhoea than those without (p<0.0001). Higher CD4(+) T-cell count (OR = 0.995, 95% CI 0.992-0.998) and water treatment (OR = 0.231, 95% CI 0.126-0.830) were associated with a lower risk of diarrhoea, while close contact with cows (OR = 3.200, 95% CI 1.26-8.13) or pigs (OR = 11.176, 95% CI 3.76-43.56) were associated with a higher risk of diarrhoea. Conclusions: Multiple enteric pathogens that are causative agents of diarrhoea were isolated from stools of antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV/AIDS patients, indicating a need for surveillance, treatment and promotion of hygienic practices.
引用
收藏
页码:631 / 638
页数:8
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [31] Comparison of Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens With Regard to Virological and Immunological Response in Treatment-Naive HIV/AIDS Patients
    Akkaya-Isik, Sinem
    Gunduz, Alper
    Oncul, Ahsen
    Hamidi, Aziz Ahmad
    Yildiz-Sevgi, Dilek
    Kes-Uzun, Nuray
    Dokmetas, Ilyas
    KLIMIK JOURNAL, 2019, 32 (01) : 13 - 18
  • [32] A multinational study of neurological performance in antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1-infected persons in diverse resource-constrained settings
    Robertson, Kevin
    Kumwenda, Johnstone
    Supparatpinyo, Khuanchai
    Jiang, Jeanne H.
    Evans, Scott
    Campbell, Thomas B.
    Price, Richard W.
    Murphy, Robert
    Hall, Colin
    Marra, Christina M.
    Marcus, Cheryl
    Berzins, Baiba
    Masih, Reena
    Santos, Breno
    Silva, Marcus T.
    Kumarasamy, N.
    Walawander, Ann
    Nair, Apsara
    Tripathy, Srikanth
    Kanyama, Cecilia
    Hosseinipour, Mina
    Montano, Silvia
    La Rosa, Alberto
    Amod, Farida
    Sanne, Ian
    Firnhaber, Cindy
    Hakim, James
    Brouwers, Pim
    JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY, 2011, 17 (05) : 438 - 447
  • [33] Dyslipidemia in AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy
    Nery, Max Weyler
    Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria
    Turchi, Marilia Dalva
    BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 2011, 15 (02) : 151 - 155
  • [34] Multimethod Longitudinal HIV Drug Resistance Analysis in Antiretroviral-Therapy-Naive Patients
    Nanfack, Aubin J.
    Redd, Andrew D.
    Bimela, Jude S.
    Ncham, Genesis
    Achem, Emmanuel
    Banin, Andrew N.
    Kirkpatrick, Allison R.
    Porcella, Stephen F.
    Agyingi, Lucy A.
    Meli, Josephine
    Colizzi, Vittorio
    Nadas, Arthur
    Gorny, Miroslaw K.
    Nyambi, Phillipe N.
    Quinn, Thomas C.
    Duerr, Ralf
    JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2017, 55 (09) : 2785 - 2800
  • [35] Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Iranian HIV/AIDS Patients
    Khalili, Hossein
    Rohani, Roxana
    Seyedalinaghi, Seyedahmad
    Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboobeh
    Dashti-Khavidaki, Simin
    Talasaz, Azita Hajhosssein
    CURRENT CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 2012, 7 (02): : 111 - 115
  • [36] Antiretroviral therapy: compliance level and the perception of HIV/Aids patients
    de Freitas, Joao Paulo
    Milanes Sousa, Laelson Rochelle
    Mendes de Almeida Cruz, Maria Cristina
    Vieira Pereira Caldeira, Natalia Maria
    Gir, Elucir
    ACTA PAULISTA DE ENFERMAGEM, 2018, 31 (03) : 327 - 333
  • [37] Raltegravir as antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS
    Sharma, Malika
    Walmsley, Sharon L.
    EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY, 2014, 15 (03) : 395 - 405
  • [38] Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Persons with HIV/AIDS in Cuba
    Aragones, Carlos
    Sanchez, Lizet
    Campos, Jorge R.
    Perez, Jorge
    MEDICC REVIEW, 2011, 13 (02) : 17 - 23
  • [39] Risk factors for Blastocystis infection in HIV/AIDS patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy in Southwest China
    Zhang, Shun-Xian
    Kang, Fen-Yan
    Chen, Jia-Xu
    Tian, Li-Guang
    Geng, Lan-Lan
    INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY, 2019, 8 (01)
  • [40] Prevalence and risk factors for low bone mineral density in antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-infected young men
    Paccou, J.
    Viget, N.
    Drumez, E.
    Cortet, B.
    Robineau, O.
    MEDECINE ET MALADIES INFECTIEUSES, 2018, 48 (07): : 442 - 448