Advances in Catalyst Systems for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones

Hydrogenation of prochiral ketones using chiral transition-metal catalysts represents the cleanest way to access enantiomerically enriched secondary alcohols, which are important building blocks in fine chemicals synthesis. Despite excellent activity, selectivity and compatibility of metal complexes with variety of functional groups, no universal catalysts exist. In this article we summarize the advances in catalyst systems for the asymmetric homogenous and heterogenous hydrogenation of ketones that have been made in past decade. The development of catalysts is oriented in reaching as high as activity with low catalyst loadings, using "greener" conditions, and ensuring good recyclability of catalysts. Even though ruthenium complexes represent the largest part of the catalysts, other metals rapidly penetrate this field.