Mixing states of Amazon basin aerosol particles transported over long distances using transmission electron microscopy

被引：27

作者：

Adachi, Kouji ^{[1
]}

Oshima, Naga ^{[1
]}

Gong, Zhaoheng ^{[2
,3
,9
]}

de Sa, Suzane ^{[2
,3
]}

Bateman, Adam P. ^{[2
,3
]}

Martin, Scot T. ^{[2
,3
]}

de Brito, Joel F. ^{[4
,10
]}

Artaxo, Paulo ^{[4
]}

Cirino, Glauber G. ^{[5
,11
]}

Sedlacek, Arthur J., III ^{[6
]}

Buseck, Peter R. ^{[7
,8
]}

机构：

[1] Meteorol Res Inst, Dept Atmosphere Ocean & Earth Syst Modeling Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA USA

[3] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[5] Natl Inst Amazonian Res, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[6] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA

[7] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA

[8] Arizona State Univ, Sch Mol Sci, Tempe, AZ USA

[9] Harvard Sch Business, Boston, MA USA

[10] Univ Lille, SAGE, IMT Lille Douai, F-59000 Lille, France

[11] Fed Univ Para, Geosci Inst, Belem, Para, Brazil

来源：

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS | 2020年 / 20卷 / 20期

关键词：

SUBMICRON PARTICULATE MATTER; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; SAHARAN DUST; RAIN-FOREST; BIOGENIC EMISSIONS; WET; NUCLEI; TERM; ATMOSPHERE; SURINAM;

D O I：

10.5194/acp-20-11923-2020

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The Amazon basin is important for understanding the global climate because of its carbon cycle and as a laboratory for obtaining basic knowledge of the continental background atmosphere. Aerosol particles play an important role in the climate and weather, and knowledge of their compositions and mixing states is necessary to understand their influence on the climate. For this study, we collected aerosol particles from the Amazon basin during the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) campaign (February to March 2014) at the T3 site, which is located about 70 km from Manaus, and analyzed them using transmission electron microscopy ( IBM). I'LM has better spatial resolution than other instruments, which enables us to analyze the occurrences of components that attach to or are embedded within other particles. Based on the I'LM results of more than 10 000 particles from several transport events, this study shows the occurrences of individual particles including compositions, size distributions, number fractions, and possible sources of materials that mix with other particles. Aerosol particles during the wet season were from both natural sources such as the Amazon forest, Saharan desert, Atlantic Ocean, and African biomass burning and anthropogenic sources such as Manaus and local emissions. These particles mix together at an individual particle scale. The number fractions of mineral dust and seasalt particles increased almost 3-fold when long-range transport (LRT) from the African continent occurred. Nearly 20 % of mineral dust and primary biological aerosol particles had attached sea salts on their surfaces. Sulfates were also internally mixed with sea-salt and mineral dust particles. The TEM element mapping images showed that several components with sizes of hundreds of nanometers from different sources commonly occur within individual LRT aerosol particles. We conclude that many aerosol particles from natural sources change their compositions by mixing during transport. The compositions and mixing states of these particles after emission result in changes in their hygroscopic and optical properties and should be considered when assessing their effects on climate.

引用

页码：11923 / 11939

页数：17

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