Mixed convection analysis of variable heat source/sink on MHD Maxwell, Jeffrey, and Oldroyd-B nanofluids over a cone with convective conditions using Buongiorno's model

This paper investigates the mixed convection of MHD Maxwell, Jeffery, and Oldroyd-B nanofluid models with heat source/sink over a cone geometry. The nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using Runge-Kutta-based shooting technique for transformed systems. Moreover, the non-homogenous Buongiorno's model is employed, which accounts for both the impact of thermophoresis and Brownian motion of the nanofluids. The accuracy of the numerical data is obtained by comparison against the existed results in the literature. Furthermore, the effects of important physical parameters such as thermophoresis, Biot number, Brownian motion, and magnetic field parameters on the concentration, temperature, and velocity profiles are evaluated in this research. As the vital outcome of this research, it is revealed that the heat and mass transfer rates are more significant in Jeffery model than other two models Maxwell and Oldroyd-B nanofluid models.