Technical and Commercial Challenges of Proton-Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells

被引:119
作者
Alaswad, Abed [1 ]
Omran, Abdelnasir [1 ]
Sodre, Jose Ricardo [1 ]
Wilberforce, Tabbi [1 ]
Pignatelli, Gianmichelle [2 ]
Dassisti, Michele [2 ]
Baroutaji, Ahmad [3 ]
Olabi, Abdul Ghani [4 ]
机构
[1] Aston Univ, Coll Engn & Phys Sci, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England
[2] Univ Bari, Dept Mech Math & Management, Piazza Umberto I 1, I-70121 Bari, BA, Italy
[3] Univ Wolverhampton, Sch Engn, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, England
[4] Univ Sharjah, Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engn, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates
关键词
fuel cell; optimization; efficiency; automotive industry; electric vehicles; ELECTRIC VEHICLES; DESIGN; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; HYBRID; HYDROGEN; MODEL; WATER; HUMIDIFICATION;
D O I
10.3390/en14010144
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
This review critically evaluates the latest trends in fuel cell development for portable and stationary fuel cell applications and their integration into the automotive industry. Fast start-up, high efficiency, no toxic emissions into the atmosphere and good modularity are the key advantages of fuel cell applications. Despite the merits associated with fuel cells, the high cost of the technology remains a key factor impeding its widespread commercialization. Therefore, this review presents detailed information into the best operating conditions that yield maximum fuel cell performance. The paper recommends future research geared towards robust fuel cell geometry designs, as this determines the cell losses, and material characterization of the various cell components. When this is done properly, it will support a total reduction in the cost of the cell which in effect will reduce the total cost of the system. Despite the strides made by the fuel cell research community, there is a need for public sensitization as some people have reservations regarding the safety of the technology. This hurdle can be overcome if there is a well-documented risk assessment, which also needs to be considered in future research activities.
引用
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页数:21
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