Short-term Effects of Hepatic Arterial Buffer Responses Induced by Partial Splenic Embolization on the Hepatic Function of Patients with Cirrhosis According to the Child-Pugh Classification

Objective This study primarily aimed to investigate the short-term effects of partial splenic embolization (PSE) on the Child-Pugh score and identify predictive factors for changes in the score caused by PSE. The secondary aim was to analyze changes in various parameters at one month postoperatively using these identified factors. Methods Between September 2007 and December 2019, 118 patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism underwent PSE at our hospital. Testing was conducted preoperatively and at one month after PSE. Results Overall, the Child-Pugh score was not significantly changed postoperatively. The Child-Pugh score before PSE was identified as the strongest independent predictor of ameliorated and deteriorated Child-Pugh scores after PSE. Higher pretreatment Child-Pugh scores were correlated with higher posttreatment amelioration rates of the score. A significant decrease in the portal vein diameter and a significant increase in the common hepatic artery diameter were evident at the same level postoperatively in 64 patients with Child-Pugh class A (group A) and in 54 patients with Child-Pugh class B or C (group B/C) preoperatively. According to Murray's Law, PSE resulted in decreased portal venous flow and increased hepatic arterial flow, suggesting a hepatic arterial buffer response (HABR) induced by the procedure. Despite equivalent splenic infarction rates and similar posttreatment changes in hepatic hemodynamics, PSE significantly increased the Child-Pugh score of group A; however, the procedure significantly decreased the score of group B/C. Conclusion Considering original portal venous-hepatic arterial hemodynamics, PSE is expected to produce HABR-mediated hepatic functional improvements in cirrhosis patients with Child-Pugh class B/C.