A meta-analysis on the antecedents and consequences of computer anxiety

The purpose of the study is to examine the correlates of computer anxiety, using meta-analytic procedures. Analyses included 38 studies containing 79 correlation coefficients. Significant antecedents of computer anxiety are trait anxiety (Z = .25), neuroticism (Z = .24) and openness to experience (Z = -.25). These relationships are modest in terms of effect size, suggesting that computer anxiety can be reduced through training. The significant consequences of computer anxiety are ease of using computers (Z = .39), and intention of using computers (Z = -.26). Computer anxiety did not correlate with perceptions of computer utility, innovation or user performance. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.