Personalizing Persuasive Educational Technologies to Learners' Cognitive Ability

Persuasive Educational Technology (PET) is an effective tool for engaging students and promoting learning, using various persuasive strategies. Research has shown that personalizing PET could increase their effectiveness at engaging students and promoting learning. Cognitive ability has been identified as an important factor that could lead to individual differences in learning. Yet, there is a gap in knowledge on how learners' ability on various cognitive dimensions identified by Bloom's Taxonomy, is associated with their susceptibility to distinct persuasive strategies often used in PETs designs. To fill this gap, we conducted a large-scale study of 402 students to investigate how their cognitive ability scores relate to their susceptibility to persuasive strategies (Reward, Social Learning, and Trustworthiness) that are commonly used in PET design. We assessed the Cognitive ability scores using the test questions adapted from the Educational Testing Service (ETS) Kit. Our results show that there is a relationship between individuals' cognitive abilities and their susceptibility to persuasive strategies. People with high ability to Remember and Evaluate concepts are more susceptible to the Reward Strategy, while those high in ability to Understand are positively associated with the Trustworthiness Strategy. Similarly, we uncovered that individuals high in the ability to Apply, Analyze, and Synthesize ideas are positively associated with the Social Learning Strategy. These findings can guide PET designers on how to develop PET tailored to learners belonging to different cognitive ability dimensions.