Estimate of Burden and Direct Healthcare Cost of Infectious Waterborne Disease in the United States

被引：231

作者：

Collier, Sarah A. ^{[1
]}

Deng, Li ^{[1
]}

Adam, Elizabeth A. ^{[1
]}

Benedict, Katharine M. ^{[1
]}

Beshearse, Elizabeth M. ^{[1
]}

Blackstock, Anna J. ^{[1
]}

Bruce, Beau B. ^{[1
]}

Derado, Gordana ^{[1
]}

Edens, Chris ^{[1
]}

Fullerton, Kathleen E. ^{[1
]}

Gargano, Julia W. ^{[1
]}

Geissler, Aimee L. ^{[1
]}

Hall, Aron J. ^{[1
]}

Havelaar, Arie H. ^{[1
]}

Hill, Vincent R. ^{[1
]}

Hoekstra, Robert M. ^{[1
]}

Reddy, Sujan C. ^{[1
]}

Scallan, Elaine ^{[1
]}

Stokes, Erin K. ^{[1
]}

Yoder, Jonathan S. ^{[1
]}

Beach, Michael J. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] CDCP, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop H24-9, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA

来源：

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2021年 / 27卷 / 01期

关键词：

DRINKING-WATER; RECREATIONAL WATER; ILLNESS; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY; FOOD; USA;

D O I：

10.3201/eid2701.190676

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Provision of safe drinking water in the United States is a great public health achievement. However, new waterborne disease challenges have emerged (e.g., aging infrastructure, chlorine-tolerant and biofilm-related pathogens, increased recreational water use). Comprehensive estimates of the health burden for all water exposure routes (ingestion, contact, inhalation) and sources (drinking, recreational, environmental) are needed. We estimated total illnesses, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, deaths, and direct healthcare costs for 17 waterborne infectious diseases. About 7.15 million waterborne illnesses occur annually (95% credible interval [CrI] 3.88 million-12.0 million), results in 601,000 ED visits (95% CrI 364,000-866,000), 118,000 hospitalizations (95% CrI 86,800-150,000), and 6,630 deaths (95% CrI 4,520-8,870) and incurring US $3.33 billion (95% CrI 1.37 billion-8.77 billion) in direct healthcare costs. Otitis externa and norovirus infection were the most common illnesses. Most hospitalizations and deaths were caused by biofilm-associated pathogens (nontuberculous mycobacteria, Pseudomonas, Legionella), costing US $2.39 billion annually.

引用

页码：140 / 149

页数：10

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