Nietzsche's Perspectivism as a New Paradigm

Nietzsche's late conception of perspectivism is connected with the philosophical reflection of his middle period, in which he criticizes the epistemological issues of his time. In doing so, he aims at undermining all traditional categories conferring substance, objectivity, and stability on the world, but also all the assumptions which imply a reductive and simplifying perception of reality. On the other hand, Nietzsche takes into consideration inputs deriving from significant scientific discoveries of his epoch, which stress the relevance of quality, discovery, and probability. In relation to this, perspectivism is to be interpreted as the effort to establish a new paradigm, which implies creating a new frame for knowledge and world understanding, and trying to overcome deficiencies by valorizing new aspects and approaches. In particular, perspectivism opposes the assumedly objective and neutral attitude of the sciences by emphasizing the relevance of the standpoint from which a phenomenon is considered and the methodological significance of integrating the different points of view. Although Nietzsche does not present a systematic conception, it is possible to ascertain in his reflection the confrontation with the paradigm of sciences prevailing at that time, the definition of new contents, and the indication of methodological devices. Perspectivism as a new paradigm is also productive from a practical point of view, since it shows some interesting possibilities of application in this respect.