RETRACTED: Diagnostic Performance of Serum Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 in Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Analysis (Retracted article. See vol. 34, pg. 742, 2015)

Many existing studies have demonstrated that the macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) might be a powerful diagnostic biomarker in patients with pancreatic cancer; but individually published results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to derive a more precise estimation of the diagnostic performance of serum MIC-1 in pancreatic cancer. We searched CISCOM, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, China BioMedicine (CBM), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases from their inception through August 1st, 2013. Meta-analysis was performed using Meta-Disc version 1.4 and STATA version 12.0 software. Crude standardized mean difference (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Data from selected studies were pooled to yield summary sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. Ten case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis with a total of 1235 pancreatic cancer patients and 730 healthy subjects. Our meta-analysis results revealed that serum MIC-1 levels in pancreatic patients were higher than those of healthy subjects (SMD = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.15-1.62, p < 0.001). The area under the SROC curve was 0.92 (SE = 0.020); the pooled sensitivity was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.77-0.82); and the pooled specificity was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.84-0.88). The pooled positive LR was 6.20 (95% CI = 1.24-30.91); the pooled DOR was 35.73 (95% CI = 18.52-68.93). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggests that serum MIC-1 may be a useful diagnostic biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity for identifying pancreatic cancer.