Classification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the intestines of common carp and freshwater prawns

Fifty-four isolates of lactic acid bacteria were obtained from the intestines of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Nakorn-Pathom Province, Thailand. All isolates were Gram-positive and catalase-negative cocci that did not produce gas from glucose and formed DL or L(+) lactic acid only. Most isolates were able to grow in broth at pH 9,6, in 6.5% NaCl (w/v) and 40% (w/v) bile. These isolates were divided into six groups (A-F) by sugar fermentation patterns. Strains in the groups A, B, C, and D showed intergroup DNA homology values of above 73.8%, indicating that these groups were composed of a single species. Following phylogenetic analysis, strains E 1, E 7, and E 26 from groups A, E, and F were placed in the clusters of the genera Lactococcus, Pediococcus, and Enferococcus, respectively. The type strains of Lactococcus garvieae, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Enterococcus faecium were the most closely related species with E 1, E 7, and E 26 in the phylogenetic tree, respectively. The DNA-DNA hybridization results indicated that strains in groups A (including groups B, C, and D), E, and F could be identified as belonging to the species Lactococcus garvieae, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Enterococcus faecium, respectively. Lactococcus garvieae was the dominant member of the population, accounting for 90.7% of the isolates.