On fragmenting, densely mineralised acellular protrusions into articular cartilage and their possible role in osteoarthritis

被引:24
作者
Boyde, A. [1 ]
Davis, G. R. [1 ]
Mills, D. [1 ]
Zikmund, T. [1 ]
Cox, T. M. [2 ]
Adams, V. L. [3 ]
Niker, A. [4 ]
Wilson, P. J. [4 ]
Dillon, J. P. [4 ]
Ranganath, L. R. [4 ]
Jeffery, N. [4 ]
Jarvis, J. C. [4 ]
Gallagher, J. A. [4 ]
机构
[1] Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London E1 4NS, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England
[3] Univ Liverpool, Magnet Resonance & Image Anal Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England
[4] Univ Liverpool, Inst Ageing & Chron Dis, Dept Musculoskeletal Biol, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England
基金
英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词
dystrophic calcification; hip; hyaline cartilage; microscopy; osteoarthritis; subchondral bone; 3RD METACARPAL BONE; CALCIFIED CARTILAGE; SUBCHONDRAL BONE; CELL-DEATH; DENSITY; LESIONS; IDENTIFICATION; CALCIFICATION; MICROCRACKS; OSTEOPHYTES;
D O I
10.1111/joa.12226
中图分类号
R602 [外科病理学、解剖学]; R32 [人体形态学];
学科分类号
100101 ;
摘要
High density mineralised protrusions (HDMP) from the tidemark mineralising front into hyaline articular cartilage (HAC) were first described in Thoroughbred racehorse fetlock joints and later in Icelandic horse hock joints. We now report them in human material. Whole femoral heads removed at operation for joint replacement or from dissection room cadavers were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dual echo steady state at 0.23 mm resolution, then 26-mu m resolution high contrast X-ray microtomography, sectioned and embedded in polymethylmethacrylate, blocks cut and polished and re-imaged with 6-mu m resolution X-ray microtomography. Tissue mineralisation density was imaged using backscattered electron SEM (BSE SEM) at 20 kV with uncoated samples. HAC histology was studied by BSE SEM after staining block faces with ammonium triiodide solution. HDMP arise via the extrusion of an unknown mineralisable matrix into clefts in HAC, a process of acellular dystrophic calcification. Their formation may be an extension of a crack self-healing mechanism found in bone and articular calcified cartilage. Mineral concentration exceeds that of articular calcified cartilage and is not uniform. It is probable that they have not been reported previously because they are removed by decalcification with standard protocols. Mineral phase morphology frequently shows the agglomeration of many fine particles into larger concretions. HDMP are surrounded by HAC, are brittle, and show fault lines within them. Dense fragments found within damaged HAC could make a significant contribution to joint destruction. At least larger HDMP can be detected with the best MRI imaging ex vivo.
引用
收藏
页码:436 / 446
页数:11
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