Impact of Mass Azithromycin Distribution on Malaria Parasitemia during the Low-Transmission Season in Niger: A Cluster-Randomized Trial

被引：30

作者：

Gaynor, Bruce D. ^{[1
]}

Amza, Abdou

Kadri, Boubacar ^{[2
]}

Nassirou, Baido

Lawan, Ousmane ^{[3
]}

Maman, Laouali ^{[3
]}

Stoller, Nicole E. ^{[1
]}

Yu, Sun N. ^{[1
]}

Chin, Stephanie A. ^{[1
]}

West, Sheila K. ^{[4
]}

Bailey, Robin L. ^{[5
]}

Rosenthal, Philip J. ^{[6
]}

Keenan, Jeremy D. ^{[1
]}

Porco, Travis C. ^{[1
]}

Lietman, Thomas M. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, FI Proctor Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[2] FSS Univ Abdou Moumouni Niamey, Programme Natl Lutte Cecite, Niamey, Niger

[3] Zinder Hosp, Zinder, Niger

[4] Johns Hopkins Univ, Wilmer Eye Inst, Dana Ctr Prevent Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[5] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1, England

[6] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

来源：

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE | 2014年 / 90卷 / 05期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; TRACHOMA CONTROL; DOUBLE-BLIND; PROPHYLAXIS; PLASMODIUM; CHILDREN; ELIMINATION; MORTALITY; HEIGHT; RISK;

D O I：

10.4269/ajtmh.13-0379

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

We assessed the effect of mass azithromycin treatment on malaria parasitemia in a trachoma trial in Niger. Twenty-four study communities received treatment during the wet, high-transmission season. Twelve of the 24 communities were randomized to receive an additional treatment during the dry, low-transmission season. Outcome measurements were conducted at the community-level in children < 1-72 months of age in May-June 2011. Parasitemia was higher in the 12 once-treated communities (29.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 21.5-40.0%) than in the 12 twice-treated communities (19.5%, 95% CI = 13.0-26.5%, P = 0.03). Parasite density was higher in once-treated communities (354 parasites/mu L, 95% CI = 117-528 parasites/mu L) than in twice-treated communities (74 parasites/mu L, 95% CI = 41-202 parasites/mu L, P = 0.03). Mass distribution of azithromycin reduced malaria parasitemia 4-5 months after the intervention. The results suggest that drugs with antimalaria activity can have long-lasting impacts on malaria during periods of low transmission.

引用

页码：846 / 851

页数：6

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