Pterostilbene attenuates ischemic stroke by modulating miR-21-5p/PDCD4 axis in vivo and in vitro

Pterostilbene (Pte) can attenuate symptoms associated with ischemic stroke (IS). We aimed to explore the interaction between Pte and microRNAs (miRs) in protecting against IS. The changes in miR expression profile induced by Pte treatment were detected with microarray assay. Then the protective effects of Pte on SH-SY5Y cells and mice were assessed with a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. The results of microarray showed that 353 miRs were dys-expressed under the Pte treatment, including 108 up-regulated and 245 down-regulated miRs.MiR-21-5p showed the highest sensitivity to Pte. Pte suppressed apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, improved tissue structure, and reduced infarct area in mice by inducing miR-21-5p and inhibiting PDCD4. By suppressing miR-21-5p level, the effects of Pte on SH-SY5Y cells were counteracted. Pte showed protective function on both neurons and cerebral tissues against IS injuries, and the function was associated with the induced miR-21-5p level.