Three-dimensional Accuracy of Angled Dental Implant Placement: A Comparison Study of the Dynamic Navigation System and Free-hand Method

Objective: This study aimed to compare the success of the free-hand technique and dynamic navigation system in a completely edentulous patient model. The two methods were compared by comparing the results achieved after the surgery against the planning made before the surgery. Materials and Methods: The cone-beam computed tomography imaging data obtained after the implants were placed and the previously planned results of the procedure were overlapped in a three-dimensional space and compared. Four types of deviations were measured in the evaluation of each implant: coronal, apical, depth and angular deviations. Results: The mean deviation values in the coronal, apical and angular deviation parameters were higher in the free-hand technique (group 1) compared to the dynamic navigation method (group 2). Statistically significant differences between the two groups of angle implants were found in the coronal and apical positions of implants, and in the angular deviation (p<0.001). Conclusion: Angled implant applications could be performed with higher accuracy with the dynamic navigation system than the free-hand method. Dynamic navigation increases the quality and accuracy of the surgical procedure by offering a high level of precision and ease of use. Its precision and accuracy are particularly high when placing angled implants.