CRISPR-Based Tools in Immunity

被引：35

作者：

Simeonov, Dimitre R. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Marson, Alexander ^{[2
,3
,4
,5
,6
,7
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Biomed Sci Grad Program, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Diabet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[4] Univ Calif Berkeley, Innovat Genom Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[5] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[6] Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA

[7] Univ Calif San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA

来源：

ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY, VOL 37, 2019 | 2019年 / 37卷

关键词：

CRISPR; genome engineering; immunity; autoimmunity; cancer immunotherapy; genetic circuits; cell therapy; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; ONE-STEP GENERATION; RNA-GUIDED CAS9; HUMAN-CELLS; T-CELLS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATORS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM; ENDOGENOUS GENES; DNA METHYLATION;

D O I：

10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041522

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

CRISPR technology has opened a new era of genome interrogation and genome engineering. Discovered in bacteria, where it protects against bacteriophage by cleaving foreign nucleic acid sequences, the CRISPR system has been repurposed as an adaptable tool for genome editing and multiple other applications. CRISPR's ease of use, precision, and versatility have led to its widespread adoption, accelerating biomedical research and discovery in human cells and model organisms. Here we review CRISPR-based tools and discuss how they are being applied to decode the genetic circuits that control immune function in health and disease. Genetic variation in immune cells can affect autoimmune disease risk, infectious disease pathogenesis, and cancer immunotherapies. CRISPR provides unprecedented opportunities for functional mechanistic studies of coding and noncoding genome sequence function in immunity. Finally, we discuss the potential of CRISPR technology to engineer synthetic cellular immunotherapies for a wide range of human diseases.

引用

页码：571 / 597

页数：27

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