Sustainable Development Goals;
2030;
agenda;
synergies;
trade-offs;
sustainability science;
SDGS;
D O I:
10.3390/su12208729
中图分类号:
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号:
08 ;
0830 ;
摘要:
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted in 2015 integrate diverse issues such as addressing hunger, gender equality and clean energy and set a common agenda for all United Nations member states until 2030. The 17 SDGs interact and by working towards achieving one goal countries may further-or jeopardise-progress on others. However, the direction and strength of these interactions are still poorly understood and it remains an analytical challenge to capture the relationships between the multi-dimensional goals, comprising 169 targets and over 200 indicators. Here, we use principal component analysis (PCA), an in this context novel approach, to summarise each goal and interactions in the global SDG agenda. Applying PCA allows us to map trends, synergies and trade-offs at the level of goals for all SDGs while using all available information on indicators. While our approach does not allow us to investigate causal relationships, it provides important evidence of the degree of compatibility of goal attainment over time. Based on global data 2000-2016, our results indicate that synergies between and within the SDGs prevail, both in terms of levels and over time change. An exception is SDG 10 'Reducing inequalities' which has not progressed in tandem with other goals.
机构:
Univ Gustave Eiffel, IGN ENSG, LASTIG, St Mande, France
UCL, CASA, London, England
UPS CNRS 3611 ISC PIF, Paris, France
Univ Paris 01, UMR 8504, CNRS, Geog Cites, Paris, FranceUniv Gustave Eiffel, IGN ENSG, LASTIG, St Mande, France
Raimbault, Juste
Pumain, Denise
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机构:
Univ Paris 01, UMR 8504, CNRS, Geog Cites, Paris, FranceUniv Gustave Eiffel, IGN ENSG, LASTIG, St Mande, France
机构:
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Basu, Soumya
Usher, Khadija
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机构:
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Usher, Khadija
Hiroyuki, Tamiya
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机构:
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Hiroyuki, Tamiya
Akasegawa, Rei
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机构:
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Akasegawa, Rei
Hui, Yang
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机构:
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Hui, Yang
Chen, Qu
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Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Chen, Qu
Cravioto, Jordi
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机构:
Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
Cravioto, Jordi
Ohgaki, Hideaki
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机构:
Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto, JapanKyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Yoshidahonmachi,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan