Percutaneous treatment of simple renal cysts with n-butyl cyanoacrylate and iodized oil

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and iodized oil mixture in treatment of simple renal cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with 27 symptomatic or large (>3 cm) simple cysts were treated by computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous aspiration and injection of NBCA and iodized oil mixture. The patients (17 men and 6 women, mean age, 57.2 +/- 10.5 years) were treated with as out-patients. The volume of the treated cysts was calculated with periodic noncontrast enhanced CT examinations 1 and 6 months after the procedure. The procedure was considered successful during follow-up when the diameter of the cyst was measured less than 50% of the initial diameter in CT. RESULTS The sclerotherapy was technically successful in all patients. The diameter of the cysts ranged between 3.5 and 8 cm (mean, 5.6 +/- 1.3 cm), and 1 and 3.4 cm (mean, 2.1 +/- 0.6 cm) before and after sclerotherapy, respectively (P < 0.001). Average diameter reduction was 62.5% during the follow-up period. The mean follow-up lasted 9.1 months (6-14 months). Flank pain resolved in 20 of 23 symptomatic patients (87%). In three patients, the symptoms decreased slightly. At follow-up CT, the procedure was successful in 25 of 27 cysts (93%). We did not observe any complications related to the procedure. CONCLUSION Percutaneous sclerotherapy with NBCA and iodized oil mixture was found to be a simple, safe, effective, well tolerated alternative technique for management of simple renal cysts.