The architecture of the LkCa 15 transitional disk revealed by high-contrast imaging

被引:39
作者
Thalmann, C. [1 ,2 ]
Mulders, G. D. [2 ,3 ]
Hodapp, K. [4 ]
Janson, M. [5 ]
Grady, C. A. [6 ,7 ,8 ]
Min, M. [2 ]
Ovelar, M. de Juan [2 ,9 ]
Carson, J. [10 ]
Brandt, T. [11 ]
Bonnefoy, M. [12 ]
McElwain, M. W. [7 ]
Leisenring, J. [13 ,14 ]
Dominik, C. [2 ]
Henning, T. [12 ]
Tamura, M. [15 ,16 ]
机构
[1] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
[2] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
[3] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[4] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
[5] Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland
[6] Eureka Sci, Oakland, CA 96002 USA
[7] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[8] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard Ctr Astrobiol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[9] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
[10] Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA
[11] Inst Adv Study, Dept Astrophys, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
[12] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
[13] Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[14] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[15] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan
[16] Grad Univ Adv Studies Sokendai, Dept Astron Sci, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
stars: individual: LkCa 15; stars: pre-main sequence; planetary systems; planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary disks; INTERSTELLAR SILICATE MINERALOGY; POLARIZED SCATTERED-LIGHT; T TAURI STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; HD; 100546; PRETRANSITIONAL DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MULTIPLE PLANETS; FORMING REGION;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201322915
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present four new epochs of K-s-band images of the young pre-transitional disk around LkCa 15 and perform extensive forward modeling to derive the physical parameters of the disk. We find indications of strongly anisotropic scattering (Henyey-Greenstein g = 0.67(-0.11)(+0.18)) and a significantly tapered gap edge ("round wall") but see no evidence that the inner disk, whose existence is predicted by the spectral energy distribution, shadows the outer regions of the disk visible in our images. We marginally confirm the existence of an offset between the disk center and the star along the line of nodes; however, the magnitude of this offset (x = 27(-20)(+19) mas) is notably lower than that found in our earlier H-band images. Intriguingly, we also find an offset of y = 69(-25)(+49) mas perpendicular to the line of nodes at high significance. If confirmed by future observations, this would imply a highly elliptical - or otherwise asymmetric - disk gap with an effective eccentricity of e approximate to 0.3. Such asymmetry would most likely be the result of dynamical sculpting by one or more unseen planets in the system. Finally, we find that the bright arc of scattered light we see in direct imaging observations originates from the near side of the disk and appears brighter than the far side because of strong forward scattering.
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页数:23
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