Multi-illuminant color reproduction for electronic cameras via CANFIS neuro-fuzzy modular network device characterization

This paper describes color reproduction and correction of images captured by electronic cameras under multiple illumination (or lighting) conditions, relating to color device characterization for enhancing the quality of color in the obtained images. In particular, we shall highlight a very practical use of neuro fuzzy modular network coactive neuro fuzzy inference systems (CANFIS) models for this application, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses compared with other adaptive network models [e.g., multilayer perceptron (MLP)] as well as conventional lookup-table-type (TRC-matrix) methods. Our in-depth investigation based on comprehensive numerical tests with a wide variety of illumination/lighting data (180 sources of illumination) shows that the "neuro-fuzzy CANFIS with MLP local experts" possesses a remarkable generalization/approximation capacity, even under a very restricted condition where only four-illuminant data sets were permitted to use for optimization purpose because of efficient practical implementation subject to an industrial setting.