Background. To step up research in ADHD, exchange of ideas, working together on key theoretical models and cooperative studies are necessary. Objective. To report about a European approach with strong links to the rest of the world. Method. European Network on Hyperkinetic Disorders (Eunethydis) studies of Attention - Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Hyperkinetic Disorder (HKD) is briefly reviewed in the context of the international effort to discover the aetiology of the disorder. Results. There are promising neurobiological, neurophysiological and neuropsychological candidates to explain the nature of ADHD/HKD. Conclusion. Eunethydis has shown to be a fruitful platform for ADHD research and has good resources for its further development.