The Causal Relationships among Recreational Involvement, Flow Experience, and Well-being for Surfing Activities

The purpose of this study was to explore the causal relationships among recreational involvement, flow experience, and well-being, as well as the mediating role of flow experience between recreational involvement and well-being. Three hundred and twenty-two recreational surfers who participated in water activities were surveyed by questionnaire and structural equation modeling was used to examine the variables. This research found that if surfers have a high level of recreational involvement, they will also feel a high level of well-being. If surfers have a high level of recreational involvement, they will also have a high level of flow experience from the activity. Finally, the flow experience acquired by surfers from the activity has played a mediating role between recreational involvement and well-being. Managerial implications were drawn based on the research findings and suggestions for future researchers were proposed.