[1] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, CERis ICIST, Av Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal
[2] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, DECivil, CERis ICIST, Av Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal
[3] Univ Birmingham, Sch Civil Engn, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
[4] Applying Concrete Knowledge, 1A Blakeney Ave, Birmingham B17 8AP, W Midlands, England