Nutrient availability, the microbiome, and intestinal transport during pregnancy

被引:33
作者
Astbury, Stuart [1 ,2 ]
Mostyn, Alison [3 ]
Symonds, Michael E. [2 ]
Bell, Rhonda C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alberta, Alberta Diabet Inst, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Human Nutr, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
[2] Univ Nottingham, Sch Med, Child Hlth Obstet & Gynaecol, Nottingham NG7 2UH, England
[3] Univ Nottingham, Sch Vet Med & Sci, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
gastrointestinal adaptation; nutrition; pregnancy; microbiome; nutrient transport; maternal health; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; AMINO-ACID-TRANSPORT; GUT MICROBIOME; MATERNAL OBESITY; ABSORPTIVE-CAPACITY; CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; PROTEIN-TURNOVER; IRON TRANSPORT; LACTATION; FETAL;
D O I
10.1139/apnm-2015-0117
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Adequate adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract is important during pregnancy to ensure that the increased metabolic demands by the developing fetus are met. These include changes in surface area mediated by villus hypertrophy and enhanced functional capacity of individual nutrient receptors, including those transporting glucose, fructose, leucine, and calcium. These processes are regulated either by the enhanced nutrient demand or are facilitated by changes in the secretion of pregnancy hormones. Our review also covers recent research into the microbiome, and how pregnancy could lead to microbial adaptations, which are beneficial to the mother, yet are also similar to those seen in the metabolic syndrome. The potential role of diet in modulating the microbiome during pregnancy, as well as the potential for the intestinal microbiota to induce pregnancy complications, are examined. Gaps in the current literature are highlighted, including those where only historical evidence is available, and we suggest areas that should be a priority for further research. In summary, although a significant degree of adaptation has been described, there are both well-established processes and more recent discoveries, such as changes within the maternal microbiome, that pose new questions as to how the gastrointestinal tract effectively adapts to pregnancy, especially in conjunction with maternal obesity.
引用
收藏
页码:1100 / 1106
页数:7
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