Reliable Location-Aware Routing Protocol for Urban Vehicular Scenario

Vehicular Ad hoc Network is a subcategory of Mobile Ad hoc Network where a wireless communication is established between vehicles and road side unit. However, the frequently changing topology of vehicles and the absence of any centralized administration make routing a challenging task. This paper presents a Reliable Location-Aware Routing Protocol where each vehicle is assumed to be equipped with a Global Positioning System and a digital road map. Therefore, a vehicle can get its location on the road map. If the forwarder vehicle is present at the road intersection, then it starts forwarding data through the road having the highest weight factor. This weight factor is calculated on the basis of distance, direction, and vehicular density on that road. On the other hand, when the vehicle lies between intersections, a two-level process is applied to get a reliable data transmission. This two-level process helps vehicles to forward data without getting stuck in a local optimum situation. The performance of this work has been evaluated using NS 2.34 and is compared with the existing road-aware geographic routing protocol. The simulation shows better results in terms of packet delivery ratio and throughput.