Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition

被引：730

作者：

Kunstler, Georges ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Falster, Daniel ^{[3
]}

Coomes, David A. ^{[4
]}

Hui, Francis ^{[5
]}

Kooyman, Robert M. ^{[3
,6
]}

Laughlin, Daniel C. ^{[7
]}

Poorter, Lourens ^{[8
]}

Vanderwel, Mark ^{[9
]}

Vieilledent, Ghislain ^{[10
]}

Wright, S. Joseph ^{[11
]}

Aiba, Masahiro ^{[12
]}

Baraloto, Christopher ^{[13
,14
]}

Caspersen, John ^{[15
,16
]}

Cornelissen, J. Hans C. ^{[17
]}

Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie ^{[10
]}

Hanewinkel, Marc ^{[18
,19
]}

Herault, Bruno ^{[20
]}

Kattge, Jens ^{[21
,22
]}

Kurokawa, Hiroko ^{[12
]}

Onoda, Yusuke ^{[23
]}

Penuelas, Josep ^{[24
,25
]}

Poorter, Hendrik ^{[26
]}

Uriarte, Maria ^{[27
]}

Richardson, Sarah ^{[28
]}

Ruiz-Benito, Paloma ^{[29
,30
]}

Sun, I-Fang ^{[31
]}

Stahl, Goeran ^{[32
]}

Swenson, Nathan G. ^{[33
]}

Thompson, Jill ^{[34
,35
]}

Westerlund, Bertil ^{[32
]}

Wirth, Christian ^{[22
,36
]}

Zavala, Miguel A. ^{[30
]}

Zeng, Hongcheng ^{[15
]}

Zimmerman, Jess K. ^{[35
]}

Zimmermann, Niklaus E. ^{[16
]}

Westoby, Mark ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Irstea, UR EMGR, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France

[2] Univ Grenoble Alpes, F-38402 Grenoble, France

[3] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia

[4] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Forest Ecol & Conservat Grp, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England

[5] Australian Natl Univ, Inst Math Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

[6] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Natl Herbarium New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia

[7] Univ Waikato, Environm Res Inst, Sch Sci, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand

[8] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands

[9] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada

[10] Cirad, UPR BSEF, F-34398 Montpellier, France

[11] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama

[12] Tohoku Univ, Sch Life Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan

[13] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France

[14] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Miami, FL 33199 USA

[15] Univ Toronto, Fac Forestry, Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada

[16] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Landscape Dynam Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

[17] Vrije Univ, Dept Ecol Sci, Syst Ecol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands

[18] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Forest Resources & Management Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

[19] Univ Freiburg, Chair Forestry Econ & Planning, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany

[20] Cirad, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France

[21] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany

[22] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[23] Kyoto Univ, Sch Agr, Kyoto 6068502, Japan

[24] UAB, CSIC, CREAF, Global Ecol Unit, Catalonia 08193, Spain

[25] CREAF, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain

[26] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Plant Sci IBG 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany

[27] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA

[28] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand

[29] Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland

[30] Univ Alcala, Dept Life Sci, Forest Ecol & Restorat Grp, Alcala De Henares 28805, Madrid, Spain

[31] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Studies, Hualien 97401, Taiwan

[32] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Forest Resource Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden

[33] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[34] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland

[35] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA

[36] Univ Leipzig, Inst Systemat Bot & Funct Biodivers, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

来源：

NATURE | 2016年 / 529卷 / 7585期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

HAWAIIAN METROSIDEROS-POLYMORPHA; LEAF DRY MASS; WIDE-RANGE; ELEVATED CO2; WOOD DENSITY; QUERCUS-ILEX; LONG-TERM; PHOSPHORUS STOICHIOMETRY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; LITTER DECOMPOSABILITY;

D O I：

10.1038/nature16476

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions(1-3), but how these effects scale up to influence competition, a key driver of community assembly in terrestrial vegetation, has remained unclear (4). Here we use growth data from more than 3 million trees in over 140,000 plots across the world to show how three key functional traits-wood density, specific leaf area and maximum height-consistently influence competitive interactions. Fast maximum growth of a species was correlated negatively with its wood density in all biomes, and positively with its specific leaf area in most biomes. Low wood density was also correlated with a low ability to tolerate competition and a low competitive effect on neighbours, while high specific leaf area was correlated with a low competitive effect. Thus, traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies(5). Competition within species was stronger than between species, but an increase in trait dissimilarity between species had little influence in weakening competition. No benefit of dissimilarity was detected for specific leaf area or wood density, and only a weak benefit for maximum height. Our trait-based approach to modelling competition makes generalization possible across the forest ecosystems of the world and their highly diverse species composition.

引用

页码：204 / U174

页数：15

共 135 条

[1] A trait-based approach to community assembly: partitioning of species trait values into within- and among-community components [J].