Novel Mechanisms of Regulation of miRNAs in CLL

B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult human leukemia. Despite this, the molecular alterations leading to CLL onset and progression are still under investigation, specifically, the interplay and exact role of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Deregulation of miRNAs can alter expression levels of genes involved in the development and/or progression of tumors. In CLL, miRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Here, we review the most recent findings on the role of miRNAs in CLL and discuss how this knowledge can be used to identify new biomarkers and targets to treat this leukemia.