A generic and flexible simulation-based analysis tool for EMS management

Emergency medical services (EMS) are dedicated to provide urgent medical care to any person requiring it and to ensure their transport to a hospital or care facility, if required. Moreover, in many contexts, EMS also have to provide transportation services for patients need to go from one hospital to another or between their home and the hospital. For such organisations, efficient strategies for managing the ambulance fleet at their disposal have to be selected, but the highly random and dynamic nature of the system under study makes this a challenging task. Most of the published studies which have considered these issues have done it focusing on a specific EMS context, one city or one territory for instance. However, it is possible to identify several common characteristics and processes from one EMS context to another. This is the purpose of the generic discrete event simulation-based analysis tool proposed here, which can be adapted to a wide range of EMS contexts. In particular, it explicitly considers the two types of tasks that can compose the mission of an EMS: serving emergency requests and providing transports between care units/hospitals/patients' homes.