Shell and tube heat exchanger design using mixed-integer linear programming

The design of heat exchangers, especially shell and tube heat exchangers was originally proposed as a trial and error procedure where guesses of the heat transfer coefficient were made and then verified after the design was finished. This traditional approach is highly dependent of the experience of a skilled engineer and it usually results in oversizing. Later, optimization techniques were proposed for the automatic generation of the best design alternative. Among these methods, there are heuristic and stochastic approaches as well as mathematical programming. In all cases, the models are mixed integer non-linear and non-convex. In the case of mathematical programming solution procedures, all the solution approaches were likely to be trapped in a local optimum solution, unless global optimization is used. In addition, it is very well-known that local solvers need good initial values or sometimes they do not even find a feasible solution. In this article, we propose to use a robust mixed integer global optimization procedure to obtain the optimal design. Our model is linear thanks to the use of standardized and discrete geometric values of the heat exchanger main mechanical components and a reformulation of integer nonlinear expressions without losing any rigor. (c) 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 1907-1922, 2017