C-2-Symmetrical boron complexes, prepared by the reactions of 2,2'-methylenebis(oxazolines) (BOXs) with catecholborane (CATBH), can be used as catalysts (5-10 mol-%) in the enantioselective reduction of prochiral ketones (ee 72-86%), giving the desired alcohols in satisfactory yields. We have theoretically investigated the mechanism of the reduction of chloroacetophenone at the DFT level and the computational results have provided a complete mechanistic picture, which explains the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. The B-BOXate complex binds both the reducing agent CATBH and the carbonyl compound, activating the former as a hydride donor and enhancing the electrophilicity of the latter. Moreover, the structure of two boron-BOX (BOXate) complexes has been confirmed by means of X-ray diffraction techniques. ((c) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006).