Role of extracellular polymeric substances in anaerobic granular sludge: Assessing dewaterability during Fe(II)-peroxydisulfate conditioning and granulation processes

In this study, Fe(II) activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) conditioning and sludge granulation were conducted to investigate the dewaterability of anaerobic granular sludge (AGS). After Fe(II)-PDS conditioning, the dewaterability of three AGS from different sources was enhanced. The specific resistance to filtration (SRF) reduction rates were achieved (98.30% +/- 0.19%, 99.51% +/- 0.17% and 96.47% +/- 1.25%, respectively) under the optimal Fe(II) and PDS additions; And the optimal reductions of capillary suction time (CST) were 93.49% +/- 2.49%, 95.33% +/- 0.02% and 88.04% +/- 2.95%, respectively. The mechanism of improving AGS dewaterability by Fe(II)-PDS conditioning was proposed. The radical SO4 center dot-=OH center dot destroyed the structure of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) layers and microbial cells, resulting in the bound water released from AGS. Thereafter, the generated Fe(III) facilitated the sludge re-flocculation and decreased the electrostatic repulsion. During a 132-day granulation, the CST value showed a positive correlation with protein (S-EPS), polysaccharide and zeta potential, and a negative correlation with protein (LB-EPS), protein (TB-EPS), particle size and VSS. Collectively, the protein was the primary component in AGS and showed a strong correlation with dewaterability. The variations of protein in TB-EPS during the conditioning and the granulation were consistent with the changes of sludge dewaterability. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.