Kochen-Specker contextuality

被引:100
作者
Budroni, Costantino [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Cabello, Adan [4 ,5 ]
Guehne, Otfried [6 ]
Kleinmann, Matthias [6 ]
Larsson, Jan-Ake [7 ,8 ]
机构
[1] Univ Pisa, Dept Phys Enrico Fermi, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
[2] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
[3] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat IQOQI, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
[4] Univ Seville, Dept Fis Aplicada 2, Seville 41012, Spain
[5] Univ Seville, Inst Carlos I Fis Teor & Computac, Seville 41012, Spain
[6] Univ Siegen, Nat Wissensch Lich Tech Fak, Walter Flex Str 3, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
[7] Linkoping Univ, Inst Syst Tekn, Linkoping, Sweden
[8] Linkoping Univ, Matematiska Inst, Linkoping, Sweden
基金
奥地利科学基金会;
关键词
FINITE PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; HIDDEN-VARIABLES; OPERATIONAL STATISTICS; FARKAS LEMMA; NONLOCALITY; INEQUALITIES; THEOREM; CRYPTOGRAPHY; CAPACITY;
D O I
10.1103/RevModPhys.94.045007
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
A central result in the foundations of quantum mechanics is the Kochen-Specker theorem. In short, it states that quantum mechanics is in conflict with classical models in which the result of a measurement does not depend on which other compatible measurements are jointly performed. Here compatible measurements are those that can be implemented simultaneously or, more generally, those that are jointly measurable. This conflict is generically called quantum contextuality. In this review, an introduction to this subject and its current status is presented. Several proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem and different notions of contextuality are reviewed. How to experimentally test some of these notions is explained, and connections between contextuality and nonlocality or graph theory are discussed. Finally, some applications of contextuality in quantum information processing are reviewed.
引用
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页数:62
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